This book analyzes energy security through the lens of oil and natural gas and explains how geopolitics and security challenges affect Indias quest for energy security. It also offers insights into Indias international trade and investment in the overseas oil and natural gas markets and discusses shale energy, adopting region-specific (Africa, West Asia, Central Asia, and LAC), country-specific (Russia and the US), maritime-specific (Arctic and South China Sea), and pipeline-specific (TAPI, MBI, IPI, and RCI) approaches to analyze Indias oil and natural gas trade and investment abroad. The introductory chapter examines energy perspectives in international relations and conceptualizes energy geopolitics and energy security from both international and Indian standpoints. The book also highlights the similarities and differences in the issues involved in the global oil and natural gas market, and Indias approach to these, offering a roadmap for holistic and integrated energy security through oil and natural gas.
Since Indias energy trade and investment in the international oil and natural gas market are not free from the effects of political instability, corruption, environment crisis, militancy, terrorism, war, and geopolitical involvement and interference, the book investigates the nature and extent of the security threats and competition India faces in the oil and natural gas-producing countries while pursuing its trade and investments there. As major sources of energy, oil and natural gas are strategic assets, and energy security is one of the core areas of Indias foreign policy pursuits. As such, the chapters critically assess Indias energy policy and resource diplomacy, providing analyses of the issues raised, identifying the central arguments and presenting existing cooperations with past examples where necessary. The book appeals to scholars and policymakers active in the fields of energy, political science, international relations, economics, foreign policy, peace and conflict, security and geopolitics, as well as non-experts interested in this topic.
Sanjay Kumar Pradhan is an Assistant Professor of International Relations, at the School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gujarat, India. He received his postgraduate, advanced postgraduate, and Ph.D. degrees from the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, India. During his M.Phil. (advanced postgraduate) studies, was awarded a centrally sponsored fellowship to pursue his doctorate by the Indian Council of Social Science Research, Government of India. He has 14 years of teaching and research experience, teaching and guiding undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph.D. students in areas ranging from political science, international relations, to law. His research interests include the geopolitics of energy, energy security, resource diplomacy, international political economy, green energy, climate change& sustainable development, Africa, diaspora, gender, foreign policy, peace& conflict, and theories of international relations. He has published a book and 43 research papers in various respected journals, including the Indian Journal of Social Work, Asian Studies, Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, Journal of Peace Studies, Asian Profile, and Economic& Political Weekly.
CHAPTER-1: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS1.1.Energy perspective in International Relations
1.2.Inextricability of Energy Security and Energy Geopolitics
1.3.Energy Security-A wider connotation
1.4.Energy Security-The Indian perspective
1.4.1. Growth of Indias Oil and Natural Gas Industry
1.4.2. Policy perspectives and geopolitical developments since 1990s
An Assessment
CHAPTER-2: AFRICA-EXISTING MARKET WITH PROMISING FUTURE
2.1 Oil and natural gas potentials
2.2. Nature and extent of investment
2.3. Resource diplomacy
2.4. Chinese resource diplomacy-Where does India stand?
2.5. Internal Security Challenges
2.6. The New Scramble for Resources!
2.7. Could Energy deficit hinder export?
2.8. Can India have better footprints?
An Assessment
CHAPTER-3. ENERGY GEOPOLITICS AND SECURITY IN WEST ASIA
3. 1. Geopolitical dynamics
3. 2. Energy- Asia Bound
3. 3. Trade and Investment
3. 4. Security Challenges
3. 4.1. Security arrangements
3. 5. Balancing the adversaries
An Assessment
CHAPTER-4. CENTRAL ASIA-DOING BUSINESS IN A GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY
4. 1. Historicity of relationship
4.2. Energy Potentials, Trade and Investment
4.3. Energy in Connect Central Asia policy
4.4. The Great Game and present scenario
An Assessment
CHAPTER-5.THE LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (LAC)- AN INTROSPECTION
5.1. The Potentials
5.2. Trade and Investment
5.3. Geopolitics and Security Challenges
5.3.1. Venezuela- Oil Curse or Oil Socialism?
5.3.2. Chinese Competition
5.3.3. Other issues
5.3.3.The LAC-neglected in foreign policy?
An Assessment
CHAPTER-6. OTHER REGIONS-THE UNENDING DISCOVERIES
6.1. Arctic Energy-A new frontier of risk
6.1.1. Littoral countries, global interest and harnessing of natural resources:
6.1.3. Drilling Challenges
6.1.4. Arctic Exploration and Implications on Environment
6. 1.5. The New Great Game?
6.1.6. What prospect for India?
6. 2. South China Sea-Drilling in the Troubled Waters
9.2.1. Energy potentials and Chinese claims
9.2.2. Sea lane security
9.2.3. International law and intricacy of disputes
9.2.4. Contemporary dimensions of disputes
9.2.5. Is South China Sea in Indias energy map?
An Assessment
CHAPTER-7. PIPELINE-CHALLENGES MANY, PROGRESS SLOW
7.1. Pipeline Pursuits
7.2. Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India Pipeline (TAPI)
7.2.1. Issues and Progress
7.2.2. Pipeline Implications
7. 3. Myanmar-Bangladesh-India pipeline (MBI)
7.3.1. Delayed project benefitted China
7.3.2. Gas Pipeline without Bangladesh!
7.3.3. Implications of MBI
7.4. Iran-Pakistan-India Pipeline (IPI)
7.4. 1. Implications and Challenges
7.4.2. Undersea Pipeline option
7.5. Russia-China-India pipeline (RCI)
An Assessment
CHAPTER-8. RUSSIA-GEOPOLITICS IN A FLUID MATRIX
8.1. Russia-The energy world leader?
8.2. Asia Pivot Approach
8.3. Russia in Indias Hydrocarbon Map
8.4. Implications of Pipelines and Energy Trade
8.5. India on Crimean crisis
8.6. Declining crude price and western sanctions
8.7. India-US-Russia-China energy matrix
An Assessment
CHAPTER-9. THE US- DESTINATION FOR THE NEW ENERGY
9.1. Shale energy and potentials
9.2. Shale Resources in India
9.3. US Strategic Policy Framework
9.4. Energy Trade
9.5. Implications of bilateral energy trade
9.6. Shale, OPEC and West Asia-the prospect of competition
9.7. Shale- A shift in geopolitical landscape
9.8. Shale Vs. Environment
An Assessment
CHAPTER-10. THE WAYFORWARD
10.1 Summary of all chapters taken together through an integrated manner
10.2. The Roadmap to promote trade and investment and ensure energy security in a geopolitical dynamics
