Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a technology that records sound and vibration signals along a fiber optic cable. Its advantages of high resolution, continuous, and real-time measurements mean that DAS systems have been rapidly adopted for a range of applications, including hazard mitigation, energy industries, geohydrology, environmental monitoring, and civil engineering.

Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Geophysics: Methods and Applicationspresents experiences from both industry and academia on using DAS in a range of geophysical applications.

Volume highlights include:

The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Yingping Li, BlueSkyDas, USA
Martin Karrenbach, OptaSense Inc., USA
Jonathan B. Ajo-Franklin, Rice University and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA

List of Contributors vii

List of Reviewers xiii

Preface xv

Part I Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Concept, Principle, and Measurements

1 High Definition Seismic and Microseismic Data Acquisition Using Distributed and Engineered Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensors 3
Sergey Shatalin, Tom Parker, and Mahmoud Farhadiroushan

2 Important Aspects of Acquiring Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Data for Geoscientists 33
Mark E. Willis, Andreas Ellmauthaler, Xiang Wu, and Michel J. LeBlanc

3 Distributed Microstructured Optical Fiber (DMOF) Based Ultrahigh Sensitive Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Borehole Seismic Surveys 45
Qizhen Sun, Zhijun Yan, Hao Li, Cunzheng Fan, Fan Ai, Wei Zhang, Xiaolei Li, Deming Liu, Fei Li, and Gang Yu

4 Distributed Acoustic Sensing System Based on Phase-Generated Carrier Demodulation Algorithm 57
Tuanwei Xu, Shengwen Feng, Fang Li, Lilong Ma, and Kaiheng Yang

Part II Distributed Acoustic Sensing (das) Applications in Oil and Gas, Geothermal, and Mining Industries

5 Field Trial of Distributed Acoustic Sensing in an Active Room-and-Pillar Mine 67
Xiangfang Zeng, Herbert F. Wang, Neal Lord, Dante Fratta, and Thomas Coleman

6 On the Surmountable Limitations of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Depth Calibration, Directionality, and Noise: Learnings From Field Trials 81
Albena Mateeva, Yuting Duan, Denis Kiyashchenko, and Jorge Lopez

7 Denoising Analysis and Processing Methods of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Data 93
Yuan-Zhong Chen, Guang-Min Hu, Jun-Jun Wu, Gang Yu, Yan-Peng Li, Jian-Hua Huang, Shi-Ze Wang, and Fei li

8 High-Resolution Shallow Structure at Brady Hot Springs Using Ambient Noise Tomography (ANT) on a Trenched Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Array 101
Xiangfang Zeng, Clifford H. Thurber, Herbert F. Wang, Dante Fratta, and Kurt L. Feigl

Part III Distributed Acoustic Sensing (das) Applications in Monitoring of Deformations, Earthquakes, and Microseisms by Fracturing

9 Introduction to Interferometry of Fiber-Optic Strain Measurements 113
Eileen R. Martin, Nathaniel J. Lindsey, Jonathan B. Ajo-Franklin, and Biondo L. Biondi

10 Using Telecommunication Fiber Infrastructure for Earthquake Monitoring and Near-Surface Characterization 131
Biondo L. Biondi, Siyuan Yuan, Eileen R. Martin, Fantine Huot, and Robert G. Clapp

11 Production Distributed Temperature Sensing versus Stimulation Distributed Acoustic Sensing for the Marcellus Shale 149
Payam Kavousi Ghahfarokhi, Timothy Robert Carr, Cody Wilson, and Keithan Martin

12 Coalescence Microseismic Mapping for Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Geophone Hybrid Array: A Model-Based Feasibility Study 161
Takashei Mizuno, Joel Le Calvez, and Daniel Raymer

Part IV Distributed Acoustic Sensing (das) Applications in Environmental and Shallow Geophysics

13 Continuous Downhole Seismic Monitoring Using Surface Orbital Vibrators and Distributed Acoustic Sensing at the CO2CRC Otway Project: Field Trial for Optimum Configuration 177
Julia Correa, Roman Pevzner, Barry M. Freifeld, Michelle Robertson, Thomas M. Daley, Todd Wood, Konstantin Tertyshnikov, Sinem Yavuz, and Stanislav Glubokovskikh

14 Introduction to Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Applications for Characterization of Near-Surface Processes 191
Whitney Trainor-Guitton and Thomas Coleman

15 Surface Wave Imaging Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing Deployed on Dark Fiber: Moving Beyond High-Frequency Noise 197
Verónica Rodríguez Tribaldos, Jonathan B. Ajo-Franklin, Shan Dou, Nathaniel J. Lindsey, Craig Ulrich, Michelle Robertson, Barry M. Freifeld, Thomas Daley, Inder Monga, and Chris Tracy

16 Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) 213
Chelsea E. Lancelle, Jonathan A. Baldwin, Neal Lord, Dante Fratta, Athena Chalari, and Herbert F. Wang

17 A Literature Review: Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Geophysical Applications Over the Past 20 Years 229
Yingping Li, Martin Karrenbach, and Jonathan B. Ajo-Franklin

Index 293